Hipertensi Emergensi
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Hipertensi emergensi, kerusakan organ target, pengeloalaan hipertensi emergensi
Abstract
Hipertensi emergensi adalah peningkatan tekanan darah akut, seringkali lebih dari 180/110 yang disertai dengan kerusakan organ yang dihubungkan dengan hipertensi. Organ sasaran meliputi retina, otak, jantung, arteri besar, dan ginjal. Kondisi seperti ini membutuhkan pemeriksaan diagnostik yang cepat dan penurunan tekanan darah segera untuk menghindari kegagalan organ progresif. Pilihan pengobatan antihipertensi sebagian besar ditentukan oleh jenis kerusakan organ. Hipertensi emergensi terjadi hingga 2-3% pasien hipertensi. Berbagai obat antihipertensi parenteral tersedia untuk digunakan pada pasien hipertensi emergensi. Pemilihan obat antihipertensi disesuaikan oleh tipe hipertensi emergensi dan formularium rumah sakit. Keputusan terapi harus dipertimbangkan dengan cermat, menimbang risiko dan manfaat dan mempertimbangkan organ yang kemungkinan terkena serta komorbiditas pasien. Dokter harus membedakan apakah seorang pasien memenuhi indikasi terhadap terapi hipertensi emergensi secara umum atau terapi dalam kondisi khusus. Saat ini terdapat kekurangan bukti kuat untuk strategi pengobatan yang tepat untuk hipertensi emergensi, sehingga pengelolaan hipertensi emergensi masih menjadi tantangan. Artikel ini akan membahas strategi pengelolaan hipertensi emergensi.
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